Linux-da faýllaryň we kataloglaryň disk ulanylyşyny nädip tapmaly
Linux “du” (Disk ulanylyşy) adaty Unix/Linux buýrugy bolup, enjamda faýllaryň we kataloglaryň disk ulanylyşy baradaky maglumatlary barlamak üçin ulanylýar.
Du buýrugynda netijeleri köp formatda almak üçin ulanyp boljak köp parametr wariantlary bar. Du buýrugy faýllary we katalog ululyklaryny gaýtalanýan görnüşde görkezýär.
Bu makala, Linux-daky faýllaryň we kataloglaryň ululyklaryny anyklamaga kömek edip biljek 10 sany peýdaly “du” buýrugyny öz mysallary bilen düşündirýär. Bu makalada berlen maglumatlar du buýrugynyň adam sahypalaryndan alyndy.
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Linux-da katalogyň ululygyny nädip tapmaly
1./home/tecmint katalog agajynyň we onuň kiçi bölümleriniň hersiniň disk ulanylyş mazmunyny bilmek. Buýrugy aşakdaky ýaly giriziň:
du /home/tecmint 40 /home/tecmint/downloads 4 /home/tecmint/.mozilla/plugins 4 /home/tecmint/.mozilla/extensions 12 /home/tecmint/.mozilla 12 /home/tecmint/.ssh 689112 /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10 689360 /home/tecmint
Aboveokardaky buýrugyň çykyşy,/home/tecmint katalogynda kiçi bukjalar bilen birlikde disk bloklarynyň sanyny görkezýär.
Adamyň okalýan görnüşinde katalog ölçegini nädip tapmaly
2. “du” buýrugy bilen “-h” opsiýasyny ulanmak “Adamyň okalýan formaty” -da netijeleri berýär. Bu ululyklary Baýtda, Kilobaýtda, Megabaýtda, Gigabaýtda we ş.m. görüp bilersiňiz.
du -h /home/tecmint 40K /home/tecmint/downloads 4.0K /home/tecmint/.mozilla/plugins 4.0K /home/tecmint/.mozilla/extensions 12K /home/tecmint/.mozilla 12K /home/tecmint/.ssh 673M /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10 674M /home/tecmint
Linux-da katalogyň umumy ululygyny nädip tapmaly
3. Katalogyň umumy disk ulanylyş ululygynyň gysgaça mazmunyny almak üçin aşakdaky ýaly “-s” opsiýasyny ulanýar.
du -sh /home/tecmint 674M /home/tecmint
4. “-a” baýdagyny “du” buýrugy bilen ulanmak, ähli faýllaryň we kataloglaryň disk ulanylyşyny görkezýär.
du -a /home/tecmint 4 /home/tecmint/.bash_logout 12 /home/tecmint/downloads/uploadprogress-1.0.3.1.tgz 24 /home/tecmint/downloads/Phpfiles-org.tar.bz2 40 /home/tecmint/downloads 12 /home/tecmint/uploadprogress-1.0.3.1.tgz 4 /home/tecmint/.mozilla/plugins 4 /home/tecmint/.mozilla/extensions 12 /home/tecmint/.mozilla 4 /home/tecmint/.bashrc 689108 /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10/ubuntu-12.10-server-i386.iso 689112 /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10 689360 /home/tecmint
5. “-a” baýdagyny “-h” bilen bilelikde ulanmak, ähli faýllaryň we bukjalaryň adam tarapyndan okalýan formatda disk ulanylyşyny görkezýär. Kilobaýt, Megabaýt we ş.m. faýllary görkezişi ýaly aşakdaky çykyşa düşünmek has aňsat.
du -ah /home/tecmint 4.0K /home/tecmint/.bash_logout 12K /home/tecmint/downloads/uploadprogress-1.0.3.1.tgz 24K /home/tecmint/downloads/Phpfiles-org.tar.bz2 40K /home/tecmint/downloads 12K /home/tecmint/uploadprogress-1.0.3.1.tgz 4.0K /home/tecmint/.mozilla/plugins 4.0K /home/tecmint/.mozilla/extensions 12K /home/tecmint/.mozilla 4.0K /home/tecmint/.bashrc 673M /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10/ubuntu-12.10-server-i386.iso 673M /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10 674M /home/tecmint
6. Kilobyte bloklaryndaky subtree bilen katalog agajynyň disk ulanylyşyny biliň. “-K” ulanyň (ululygy 1024 baýt birliginde görkezilýär).
du -k /home/tecmint 40 /home/tecmint/downloads 4 /home/tecmint/.mozilla/plugins 4 /home/tecmint/.mozilla/extensions 12 /home/tecmint/.mozilla 12 /home/tecmint/.ssh 689112 /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10 689360 /home/tecmint
7. Diňe Megabaýtda (MB) aşaky agaçlary bilen birlikde katalog agajynyň disk ulanylyşynyň gysgaça mazmunyny almak. “-Mh” opsiýasyny aşakdaky ýaly ulanyň. “-M” baýdagy MB birliklerdäki bloklary sanap geçýär we “-h” adam okalýan formaty aňladýar.
du -mh /home/tecmint 40K /home/tecmint/downloads 4.0K /home/tecmint/.mozilla/plugins 4.0K /home/tecmint/.mozilla/extensions 12K /home/tecmint/.mozilla 12K /home/tecmint/.ssh 673M /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10 674M /home/tecmint
8. “-c” baýdagy soňky setirde umumy disk diskini ulanýar. Katalogyňyz 674MB boş ýer alsa, çykyşyň soňky iki setiri bolar.
du -ch /home/tecmint 40K /home/tecmint/downloads 4.0K /home/tecmint/.mozilla/plugins 4.0K /home/tecmint/.mozilla/extensions 12K /home/tecmint/.mozilla 12K /home/tecmint/.ssh 673M /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10 674M /home/tecmint 674M total
Du Command bilen faýllary nädip aýyrmaly
9. Aşakdaky buýruk ähli faýllaryň we kataloglaryň disk ulanylyşyny hasaplaýar we görkezýär, ýöne berlen nagşa gabat gelýän faýllary aýyrmaýar. Aşakdaky buýruk, katalogyň umumy ululygyny hasaplaýarka “.txt” faýllaryny aýyrýar. Şeýlelik bilen, “-exclude” baýdagyny ulanyp, islendik faýl formatlaryny aýyryp bilersiňiz. Çykyşa serediň, txt faýl ýazgysy ýok.
du -ah --exclude="*.txt" /home/tecmint 4.0K /home/tecmint/.bash_logout 12K /home/tecmint/downloads/uploadprogress-1.0.3.1.tgz 24K /home/tecmint/downloads/Phpfiles-org.tar.bz2 40K /home/tecmint/downloads 12K /home/tecmint/uploadprogress-1.0.3.1.tgz 4.0K /home/tecmint/.bash_history 4.0K /home/tecmint/.bash_profile 4.0K /home/tecmint/.mozilla/plugins 4.0K /home/tecmint/.mozilla/extensions 12K /home/tecmint/.mozilla 4.0K /home/tecmint/.bashrc 24K /home/tecmint/Phpfiles-org.tar.bz2 4.0K /home/tecmint/geoipupdate.sh 4.0K /home/tecmint/.zshrc 120K /home/tecmint/goaccess-0.4.2.tar.gz.1 673M /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10/ubuntu-12.10-server-i386.iso 673M /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10 674M /home/tecmint
Üýtgetme wagty boýunça katalog ulanylyşyny nädip tapmaly
10. Wagtyň üýtgemegine esaslanyp, disk ulanylyşyny görkeziň, aşakda görkezilişi ýaly “–time” baýdagyny ulanyň.
du -ha --time /home/tecmint 4.0K 2012-10-12 22:32 /home/tecmint/.bash_logout 12K 2013-01-19 18:48 /home/tecmint/downloads/uploadprogress-1.0.3.1.tgz 24K 2013-01-19 18:48 /home/tecmint/downloads/Phpfiles-org.tar.bz2 40K 2013-01-19 18:48 /home/tecmint/downloads 12K 2013-01-19 18:32 /home/tecmint/uploadprogress-1.0.3.1.tgz 4.0K 2012-10-13 00:11 /home/tecmint/.bash_history 4.0K 2012-10-12 22:32 /home/tecmint/.bash_profile 0 2013-01-19 18:32 /home/tecmint/xyz.txt 0 2013-01-19 18:32 /home/tecmint/abc.txt 4.0K 2012-10-12 22:32 /home/tecmint/.mozilla/plugins 4.0K 2012-10-12 22:32 /home/tecmint/.mozilla/extensions 12K 2012-10-12 22:32 /home/tecmint/.mozilla 4.0K 2012-10-12 22:32 /home/tecmint/.bashrc 24K 2013-01-19 18:32 /home/tecmint/Phpfiles-org.tar.bz2 4.0K 2013-01-19 18:32 /home/tecmint/geoipupdate.sh 4.0K 2012-10-12 22:32 /home/tecmint/.zshrc 120K 2013-01-19 18:32 /home/tecmint/goaccess-0.4.2.tar.gz.1 673M 2013-01-19 18:51 /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10/ubuntu-12.10-server-i386.iso 673M 2013-01-19 18:51 /home/tecmint/Ubuntu-12.10 674M 2013-01-19 18:52 /home/tecmint
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