9 Linux-da CPU maglumatlary almak üçin peýdaly buýruklar
Öňki makalada Linux-da ulgam we enjam maglumatlary ýygnamak üçin 10 sany peýdaly buýrugyň sanawyny jemledik. Bu gollanmada, CPU/prosessor bilen çäkleneris we enjamyňyzyň CPU hakda jikme-jik maglumatlary çykarmagyň dürli usullaryny görkezeris.
Diňe size umumy maglumat bermek üçin CPU arhitekturasy, satyjy_id, model, modeliň ady, CPU ýadrosynyň sany, her ýadrosyň tizligi we başga-da köp zatlary sorarys.
Aslynda,/proc/cpuinfo bu maglumatlary öz içine alýar, beýleki buýruklar/kömekçi enjamlar bu faýldan çykýar.
Bu aýdylanda, Linux CPU hakda maglumat almak üçin aşakda 9 buýruk bar.
1. Pişik buýrugyny ulanyp CPU maglumatyny alyň
Pişik buýrugynyň kömegi bilen/proc/cpuinfo faýlynyň mazmunyny aşakdaky görnüşde görüp, ulgam CPU-nyň maglumatlaryny görüp bilersiňiz:
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 69 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz stepping : 1 microcode : 0x1c cpu MHz : 1700.062 cache size : 3072 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 4 core id : 0 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 13 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm epb tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts bugs : bogomips : 4788.92 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 39 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: ......
Biraz anyk kesgitlemek üçin, grep buýrugyny - adaty aňlatma gabat gelýän setirler üçin açyk tekst maglumatlary gözlemek üçin CLI guralyny ulanyp bilersiňiz. Bu size diňe satyjynyň adyny, modeliniň adyny, prosessorlaryň sanyny, ýadro sanyny we ş.m. çykarmaga kömek edip biler:
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'vendor' | uniq #view vendor name $ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'model name' | uniq #display model name $ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l #count the number of processing units $ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'core id' #show individual cores
2. lscpu buýrugy - CPU arhitektura maglumatyny görkezýär
Lscpu buýrugy aşakda görkezilişi ýaly sysfs we/proc/cpuinfo-dan CPU arhitektura maglumatyny çap edýär:
$ lscpu
Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 4 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3 Thread(s) per core: 2 Core(s) per socket: 2 Socket(s): 1 NUMA node(s): 1 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel CPU family: 6 Model: 69 Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz Stepping: 1 CPU MHz: 1303.687 CPU max MHz: 2700.0000 CPU min MHz: 800.0000 BogoMIPS: 4788.92 Virtualization: VT-x L1d cache: 32K L1i cache: 32K L2 cache: 256K L3 cache: 3072K NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3 Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm epb tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts
3. cpuid buýrugy - x86 CPU görkezýär
Cpuid buýrugy CPUID görkezmesinden ýygnan CPU (lar) hakda doly maglumatlary taşlaýar we şol maglumatlardan x86 CPU (lar) -yň takyk modelini tapýar.
Işlemezden ozal guruň.
$ sudo apt install cpuid #Debian/Ubuntu systems $ sudo yum install cpuid #RHEL/CentOS systems $ sudo dnf install cpuid #Fedora 22+
Gurlandan soň, x86 CPU hakda maglumat ýygnamak üçin cpuid işlediň.
$ cpuid
CPU 0: vendor_id = "GenuineIntel" version information (1/eax): processor type = primary processor (0) family = Intel Pentium Pro/II/III/Celeron/Core/Core 2/Atom, AMD Athlon/Duron, Cyrix M2, VIA C3 (6) model = 0x5 (5) stepping id = 0x1 (1) extended family = 0x0 (0) extended model = 0x4 (4) (simple synth) = Intel Mobile Core i3-4000Y / Mobile Core i5-4000Y / Mobile Core i7-4000Y / Mobile Pentium 3500U/3600U/3500Y / Mobile Celeron 2900U (Mobile U/Y) (Haswell), 22nm miscellaneous (1/ebx): process local APIC physical ID = 0x0 (0) cpu count = 0x10 (16) CLFLUSH line size = 0x8 (8) brand index = 0x0 (0) brand id = 0x00 (0): unknown feature information (1/edx): x87 FPU on chip = true virtual-8086 mode enhancement = true debugging extensions = true page size extensions = true time stamp counter = true RDMSR and WRMSR support = true physical address extensions = true ....
4. dmidecode buýrugy - Linux enjam maglumatyny görkezýär
dmidecode islendik Linux ulgamynyň apparat maglumatlaryny almak üçin guraldyr. Kompýuteriň DMI (a.k. SMBIOS) tablisasynyň mazmunyny aňsat gözlemek üçin adam tarapyndan okalýan formatda taşlaýar. SMBIOS spesifikasiýasy dürli DMI görnüşlerini kesgitleýär, CPU üçin\prosessor ulanyň:
$ sudo dmidecode --type processor
# dmidecode 3.0 Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs. SMBIOS 2.7 present. Handle 0x0004, DMI type 4, 42 bytes Processor Information Socket Designation: U3E1 Type: Central Processor Family: Core i5 Manufacturer: Intel(R) Corporation ID: 51 06 04 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 69, Stepping 1 Flags: FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers) PGE (Page global enable) MCA (Machine check architecture) .....
5. Inxi Tool - Linux ulgam maglumatyny görkezýär
Inxi, hem konsol, hem IRC (Internet Relay Chat) üçin niýetlenen güýçli buýruk setiri ulgam maglumat skriptidir. Apparat maglumatlaryny derrew almak üçin ulanyp bilersiňiz.
Şeýle gurnap bilersiňiz:
$ sudo apt install inxi #Debian/Ubuntu systems $ sudo yum install inxi #RHEL/CentOS systems $ sudo dnf install inxi #Fedora 22+
CPU-nyň doly tizligini we CPU-nyň iň ýokary tizligini goşmak bilen doly CPU maglumatyny görkezmek üçin -C
baýdagyny aşakdaky ýaly ulanyň:
$ inxi -C
CPU: Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) cache: 3072 KB clock speeds: max: 2700 MHz 1: 1958 MHz 2: 1993 MHz 3: 1775 MHz 4: 1714 MHz
6. lshw Tool - Enjam konfigurasiýasyny sanaň
lshw, kompýuteriň apparat konfigurasiýasy barada çuňňur maglumat ýygnamak üçin iň az guraldyr. Bu ýagdaýda apparat synpyny, CPU-ny saýlamak üçin -C
opsiýasyny ulanyp bilersiňiz:
$ sudo lshw -C CPU
*-cpu description: CPU product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 4 bus info: [email version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz serial: To Be Filled By O.E.M. slot: U3E1 size: 2626MHz capacity: 2700MHz width: 64 bits clock: 100MHz capabilities: x86-64 fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm epb tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts cpufreq configuration: cores=2 enabledcores=2 threads=4
7. hardinfo - GTK + penjirede enjam maglumatlary görkezýär
hardinfo enjam maglumatlary GTK + penjiresinde görkezýär, ony aşakdaky ýaly gurup bilersiňiz:
$ sudo apt install hardinfo #Debian/Ubuntu systems $ sudo yum install hardinfo #RHEL/CentOS systems $ sudo dnf install hardinfo #Fedora 22+
Ony guranyňyzdan soň ýazyň:
$ hardinfo
Şeýle hem,\Hasabat döretmek düwmesine basyp, ulgam enjamlary maglumatlary hasabatyny döretmäge mümkinçilik berýär. Aşakdaky interfeýsden dowam etmek üçin\Dörediň düwmesine basyň. Dörediljek apparat maglumat kategoriýasyny saýlap bilersiňiz.
Hasabaty html görnüşinde döredeniňizden soň, aşakda görkezilişi ýaly web brauzerinden görüp bilersiňiz.
8. hwinfo - Häzirki enjam maglumatyny görkezýär
hwinfo Linux ulgamynda bar bolan enjamlar barada maglumat almak üçin ulanylýar. CPU hakda maglumat görkezmek üçin --cpu
ulanyň
$ hwinfo --cpu
01: None 00.0: 10103 CPU [Created at cpu.460] Unique ID: rdCR.j8NaKXDZtZ6 Hardware Class: cpu Arch: X86-64 Vendor: "GenuineIntel" Model: 6.69.1 "Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz" Features: fpu,vme,de,pse,tsc,msr,pae,mce,cx8,apic,sep,mtrr,pge,mca,cmov,pat,pse36,clflush,dts,acpi,mmx,fxsr,sse,sse2,ss,ht,tm,pbe,syscall,nx,pdpe1gb,rdtscp,lm,constant_tsc,arch_perfmon,pebs,bts,rep_good,nopl,xtopology,nonstop_tsc,aperfmperf,eagerfpu,pni,pclmulqdq,dtes64,monitor,ds_cpl,vmx,est,tm2,ssse3,sdbg,fma,cx16,xtpr,pdcm,pcid,sse4_1,sse4_2,movbe,popcnt,tsc_deadline_timer,aes,xsave,avx,f16c,rdrand,lahf_lm,abm,epb,tpr_shadow,vnmi,flexpriority,ept,vpid,fsgsbase,tsc_adjust,bmi1,avx2,smep,bmi2,erms,invpcid,xsaveopt,dtherm,ida,arat,pln,pts Clock: 2080 MHz BogoMips: 4788.92 Cache: 3072 kb Units/Processor: 16 Config Status: cfg=new, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown ....
9. nproc - Gaýtadan işleýän bölümleriň sany
nproc buýrugy kompýuteriňizde bar bolan gaýtadan işleýän bölümiň sanyny görkezmek üçin ulanylýar:
$ nproc
Goşmaça ulanyş maglumatlary we opsiýalar üçin şu buýruklaryň adam sahypalaryny okaň:
$ man commandname
Şeýle hem, barlaň:
- Cpustat - Linux-da işlemek prosesi arkaly CPU-nyň ulanylyşyna gözegçilik edýär
- CoreFreq - Linux ulgamlary üçin güýçli CPU gözegçilik guraly
- Linux-da iň ýokary ýat we CPU ulanylyşy boýunça iň ýokary işleýiş amallaryny tapyň
- “Stress-ng” guralyny ulanyp, Linux-da ýokary CPU ýüküni we Stress synagyny nädip girizmeli?
Häzirlikçe! Aşakdaky seslenme formasy arkaly Linux-da CPU maglumatyny çykarmagyň goşmaça usullaryny biziň bilen paýlaşyp bilersiňiz.