DNS gözleglerini soramak üçin peýdaly host buýruk mysallary
Host buýrugy, domen atlaryny IP adreslerine we tersine terjime edýän DNS gözleglerini ýerine ýetirmek üçin minimal we ulanmak aňsat CLI kömekçi. Şeýle hem, NS we MX ýaly dürli görnüşli DNS ýazgylaryny sanamak we barlamak, ISP DNS serwerini we internet birikmesini barlamak we tassyklamak, spam we gara sanaw ýazgylary, DNS serwer meselelerini ýüze çykarmak we çözmek üçin ulanylyp bilner.
Bu makalada DNS gözleglerini ýerine ýetirmek üçin Linux-da birnäçe peýdaly mysallar bilen host buýrugyny nähili ulanmalydygyny öwreneris. Öňki makalalarda DNS serwerlerini barlamak we näsazlyklary düzetmek we belli DNS çeşme ýazgylaryny (RR) gözlemek üçin iň köp ulanylýan 8 Nslookup buýrugyny görkezdik.
Şeýle hem, DNS maglumatyny soramak üçin 10 Linux Dig (Domain Information Groper) buýrugyny düşündirdik, bu Nslookup guralyna meňzeýär. Hoster eýesi kömekçi programmasy hem şuňa meňzeş işleýär we esasy Linux Linux distroslary bolmasa, köpüsinde öňünden gurulýar.
Bu aýdylanda, geliň aşakdaky 14 host buýrugyna seredeliň.
Domen IP adresini tapyň
Bu, işledip boljak iň ýönekeý host buýrugy, baglanyşykly IP adresleri almak üçin diňe google.com ýaly domen adyny beriň.
$ host google.com google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has IPv6 address 2a00:1450:4009:80b::200e google.com mail is handled by 20 alt1.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 30 alt2.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 10 aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 40 alt3.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 50 alt4.aspmx.l.google.com.
Domen adynyň serwerlerini tapyň
Domen adynyň serwerlerini bilmek üçin -t opsiýasyny ulanyň.
$ host -t ns google.com google.com name server ns1.google.com. google.com name server ns2.google.com. google.com name server ns3.google.com. google.com name server ns4.google.com.
Domain CNAME ýazgysyny tapyň
CNAME domenini bilmek üçin işlediň.
$ host -t cname mail.google.com mail.google.com is an alias for googlemail.l.google.com.
Domain MX ýazgysyny tapyň
Bir domen üçin MX ýazgylaryny bilmek üçin.
$ host -n -t mx google.com ogle.com mail is handled by 50 alt4.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 10 aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 40 alt3.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 30 alt2.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 20 alt1.aspmx.l.google.com.
Domain TXT ýazgysyny tapyň
Bir domen üçin TXT ýazgylaryny bilmek üçin.
$ host -t txt google.com google.com descriptive text "v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com ~all"
Domain SOA ýazgysyny tapyň
SOA ýazgylaryny görkezilen zona üçin görkezmek üçin synanyşyp bilersiňiz, şol zona üçin görkezilen abraýly at serwerlerinden -C baýdagy bilen.
$ host -C google.com Nameserver 216.239.38.10: google.com has SOA record ns1.google.com. dns-admin.google.com. 156142728 900 900 1800 60 Nameserver 216.239.32.10: google.com has SOA record ns3.google.com. dns-admin.google.com. 156142728 900 900 1800 60 Nameserver 216.239.34.10: google.com has SOA record ns4.google.com. dns-admin.google.com. 156142728 900 900 1800 60 Nameserver 216.239.36.10: google.com has SOA record ns2.google.com. dns-admin.google.com. 156142728 900 900 1800 60
Aýratyn at serweri
Bölekleýin domen ady serwerini soramak.
$ host google.com ns4.google.com Using domain server: Name: ns4.google.com Address: 216.239.38.10#53 Aliases: google.com has address 172.217.19.46 google.com has address 172.217.19.46 google.com has address 172.217.19.46 google.com has IPv6 address 2a00:1450:4005:808::200e google.com mail is handled by 30 alt2.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 20 alt1.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 50 alt4.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 10 aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 40 alt3.aspmx.l.google.com.
Domen ýazgylary we zolaklary barada ähli maglumatlary tapyň
HER görnüşi soramak üçin, -v opsiýasyny düzmäge deň bolan -a (hemmesi) opsiýasyny ulanyň.
$ host -a google.com Trying "google.com" ;; ->>HEADER<
Domain TTL maglumatlary alyň
TTL domen maglumatyny bilmek üçin.
$ host -v -t a google.com Trying "google.com" ;; ->>HEADER<
IPv4 ýa-da IPv6 ulanyň
-4 ýa-da -6 opsiýasy öý eýesini degişlilikde diňe IPv4 ýa-da diňe IPV6 talap transportyny ulanmaga mejbur edýär.
$ host -4 google.com OR $ host -6 google.com
Gaýtalanmaýan soraglary ýerine ýetiriň
-r opsiýasy gaýtalanmaýan talaplary ýerine ýetirýär, bu opsiýany sazlamak, öý eýesiniň beren soragyndaky biraz RD-ni (gaýtalanýan islenýän) arassalaýandygyna üns beriň.
$ host -rR 5 google.com google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has IPv6 address 2a00:1450:4009:80b::200e google.com mail is handled by 30 alt2.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 40 alt3.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 50 alt4.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 20 alt1.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 10 aspmx.l.google.com.
Gözlemek üçin UDP synanyşyklaryny düzüň
Düzgüne görä, UDP synanyşýanlaryň sany 1, ony üýtgetmek üçin -R baýdagyny ulanyň.
$ host -R 5 google.com google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has IPv6 address 2a00:1450:4009:80b::200e google.com mail is handled by 30 alt2.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 40 alt3.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 50 alt4.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 20 alt1.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 10 aspmx.l.google.com.
Talap wagtyny düzüň Jogaplara garaşyň
-W wyklýuçatelini ulanyp, öý eýesine görkezilen wagtyň dowamynda jogaba birnäçe sekuntda garaşmagy tabşyryp bilersiňiz we -w baýdagy ulanylsa, öý eýesini hemişelik garaşmaga mejbur edýär. jogap üçin:
$ host -T -W 10 google.com google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has address 216.58.201.46 google.com has IPv6 address 2a00:1450:4009:80b::200e google.com mail is handled by 10 aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 40 alt3.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 30 alt2.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 20 alt1.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 50 alt4.aspmx.l.google.com.
Bu! Bu makalada Linux-da birnäçe peýdaly mysallar bilen host buýrugyny nähili ulanmalydygyny öwrendik. Bu gollanma bilen baglanyşykly pikirleriňizi paýlaşmak üçin aşakdaky seslenme formasyny ulanyň.