Linux-da Rootkit Hunter ulanyp, Rootkits, açyk howada we ekspluatasiýalary nädip skanirlemeli
Ysigitler, linux-console.net-y yzygiderli okaýan bolsaňyz, munuň howpsuzlyk gurallary baradaky üçünji makalamyzdygyny görersiňiz. Öňki iki makalamyzda, LMD (Linux Malware Detect) ulanyp, Apache we Linux ulgamlaryny Malware, DOS we DDOS hüjümlerinden nädip goramalydygy barada ähli görkezmeleri berdik.
Againene-de Rkhunter (Rootkit Hunter) atly täze howpsuzlyk guralyny hödürlemek üçin geldik. Bu makala, çeşme koduny ulanyp, Linux ulgamlarynda RKH (RootKit Hunter) gurnamagyň we sazlamagyň ýoluny görkezer.
Rkhunter näme?
Rkhunter (Rootkit Hunter), GPL astynda goýberilen Linux ulgamlary üçin açyk çeşmeli Unix/Linux esasly skaner guraly bolup, ulgamlaryňyzdaky açyk meýdançalary, kök köklerini we ýerli ekspluatasiýalary gözden geçirýär.
Gizlin faýllary, ikiliklere goýlan nädogry rugsatlary, ýadrodaky şübheli setirleri we ş.m. gözden geçirýär Rkhunter we onuň aýratynlyklary barada has giňişleýin maglumat üçin http://rkhunter.sourceforge.net/ girip görüň.
Linux ulgamlarynda Rootkit Hunter skanerini guruň
Ilki bilen, http://rkhunter.sourceforge.net/ girip, Rkhunter guralynyň iň soňky durnukly wersiýasyny göçürip alyň ýa-da ulgamlaryňyza göçürip almak üçin aşakdaky Wget buýrugyny ulanyň.
# cd /tmp # wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/rkhunter/rkhunter/1.4.6/rkhunter-1.4.6.tar.gz
Iň soňky wersiýasyny göçürip alanyňyzdan soň, ony gurmak üçin kök ulanyjy hökmünde aşakdaky buýruklary işlediň.
# tar -xvf rkhunter-1.4.6.tar.gz # cd rkhunter-1.4.6 # ./installer.sh --layout default --install
Checking system for: Rootkit Hunter installer files: found A web file download command: wget found Starting installation: Checking installation directory "/usr/local": it exists and is writable. Checking installation directories: Directory /usr/local/share/doc/rkhunter-1.4.2: creating: OK Directory /usr/local/share/man/man8: exists and is writable. Directory /etc: exists and is writable. Directory /usr/local/bin: exists and is writable. Directory /usr/local/lib64: exists and is writable. Directory /var/lib: exists and is writable. Directory /usr/local/lib64/rkhunter/scripts: creating: OK Directory /var/lib/rkhunter/db: creating: OK Directory /var/lib/rkhunter/tmp: creating: OK Directory /var/lib/rkhunter/db/i18n: creating: OK Directory /var/lib/rkhunter/db/signatures: creating: OK Installing check_modules.pl: OK Installing filehashsha.pl: OK Installing stat.pl: OK Installing readlink.sh: OK Installing backdoorports.dat: OK Installing mirrors.dat: OK Installing programs_bad.dat: OK Installing suspscan.dat: OK Installing rkhunter.8: OK Installing ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: OK Installing CHANGELOG: OK Installing FAQ: OK Installing LICENSE: OK Installing README: OK Installing language support files: OK Installing ClamAV signatures: OK Installing rkhunter: OK Installing rkhunter.conf: OK Installation complete
Aşakdaky buýrugy işledip, maglumat bazasynyň häsiýetlerini doldurmak üçin RKH täzeleýjisini işlediň.
# /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --update # /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --propupd
[ Rootkit Hunter version 1.4.6 ] Checking rkhunter data files... Checking file mirrors.dat [ Updated ] Checking file programs_bad.dat [ No update ] Checking file backdoorports.dat [ No update ] Checking file suspscan.dat [ No update ] Checking file i18n/cn [ No update ] Checking file i18n/de [ No update ] Checking file i18n/en [ No update ] Checking file i18n/tr [ No update ] Checking file i18n/tr.utf8 [ No update ] Checking file i18n/zh [ No update ] Checking file i18n/zh.utf8 [ No update ] Checking file i18n/ja [ No update ] File created: searched for 177 files, found 131, missing hashes 1
/Etc/cron.daily/ astynda rkhunter.sh atly bir faýl dörediň, soň bolsa her gün faýl ulgamyňyzy gözden geçirýär we e-poçta idiňize e-poçta habarnamalaryny iberýär. Halaýan redaktoryňyzyň kömegi bilen aşakdaky faýly dörediň.
# vi /etc/cron.daily/rkhunter.sh
Oňa aşakdaky kod setirlerini goşuň we “YourServerNameHere” -ni “Serweriň ady” we “[e-poçta bilen goralan]” “E-poçta ID” bilen çalşyň.
#!/bin/sh ( /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --versioncheck /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --update /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --cronjob --report-warnings-only ) | /bin/mail -s 'rkhunter Daily Run (PutYourServerNameHere)' [email
Faýlda ýerine ýetiriş rugsadyny düzüň.
# chmod 755 /etc/cron.daily/rkhunter.sh
Filehli faýl ulgamyny skanirlemek üçin Rkhunter-i kök ulanyjy hökmünde işlediň.
# rkhunter --check
[ Rootkit Hunter version 1.4.6 ]
Checking system commands...
Performing 'strings' command checks
Checking 'strings' command [ OK ]
Performing 'shared libraries' checks
Checking for preloading variables [ None found ]
Checking for preloaded libraries [ None found ]
Checking LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable [ Not found ]
Performing file properties checks
Checking for prerequisites [ OK ]
/usr/local/bin/rkhunter [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/adduser [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/chkconfig [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/chroot [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/depmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/fsck [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/fuser [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupadd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupdel [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/grpck [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/ifconfig [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/ifdown [ Warning ]
/usr/sbin/ifup [ Warning ]
/usr/sbin/init [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/insmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/ip [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/lsmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/lsof [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/modinfo [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/modprobe [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/nologin [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/pwck [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/rmmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/route [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/rsyslogd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/runlevel [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/sestatus [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/sshd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/sulogin [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/sysctl [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/tcpd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/useradd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/userdel [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/usermod [ OK ]
....
[Press to continue]
Checking for rootkits...
Performing check of known rootkit files and directories
55808 Trojan - Variant A [ Not found ]
ADM Worm [ Not found ]
AjaKit Rootkit [ Not found ]
Adore Rootkit [ Not found ]
aPa Kit [ Not found ]
.....
[Press to continue]
Performing additional rootkit checks
Suckit Rookit additional checks [ OK ]
Checking for possible rootkit files and directories [ None found ]
Checking for possible rootkit strings [ None found ]
....
[Press to continue]
Checking the network...
Performing checks on the network ports
Checking for backdoor ports [ None found ]
....
Performing system configuration file checks
Checking for an SSH configuration file [ Found ]
Checking if SSH root access is allowed [ Warning ]
Checking if SSH protocol v1 is allowed [ Warning ]
Checking for a running system logging daemon [ Found ]
Checking for a system logging configuration file [ Found ]
Checking if syslog remote logging is allowed [ Not allowed ]
...
System checks summary
=====================
File properties checks...
Files checked: 137
Suspect files: 6
Rootkit checks...
Rootkits checked : 383
Possible rootkits: 0
Applications checks...
Applications checked: 5
Suspect applications: 2
The system checks took: 5 minutes and 38 seconds
All results have been written to the log file: /var/log/rkhunter.log
One or more warnings have been found while checking the system.
Please check the log file (/var/log/rkhunter.log)
Aboveokardaky buýruk, Rkhunter tarapyndan geçirilen barlag netijeleri bilen /var/log/rkhunter.log astynda gündelik faýl döredýär.
# cat /var/log/rkhunter.log
[11:21:04] Running Rootkit Hunter version 1.4.6 on tecmint [11:21:04] [11:21:04] Info: Start date is Mon Dec 21 11:21:04 AM IST 2020 [11:21:04] [11:21:04] Checking configuration file and command-line options... [11:21:04] Info: Detected operating system is 'Linux' [11:21:04] Info: Found O/S name: Fedora release 33 (Thirty Three) [11:21:04] Info: Command line is /usr/local/bin/rkhunter --check [11:21:04] Info: Environment shell is /bin/bash; rkhunter is using bash [11:21:04] Info: Using configuration file '/etc/rkhunter.conf' [11:21:04] Info: Installation directory is '/usr/local' [11:21:04] Info: Using language 'en' [11:21:04] Info: Using '/var/lib/rkhunter/db' as the database directory [11:21:04] Info: Using '/usr/local/lib64/rkhunter/scripts' as the support script directory [11:21:04] Info: Using '/usr/local/sbin /usr/local/bin /usr/sbin /usr/bin /bin /sbin /usr/libexec /usr/local/libexec' as the command directories [11:21:04] Info: Using '/var/lib/rkhunter/tmp' as the temporary directory [11:21:04] Info: No mail-on-warning address configured [11:21:04] Info: X will be automatically detected [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'basename' command: /usr/bin/basename [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'diff' command: /usr/bin/diff [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'dirname' command: /usr/bin/dirname [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'file' command: /usr/bin/file [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'find' command: /usr/bin/find [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'ifconfig' command: /usr/sbin/ifconfig [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'ip' command: /usr/sbin/ip [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'ipcs' command: /usr/bin/ipcs [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'ldd' command: /usr/bin/ldd [11:21:04] Info: Found the 'lsattr' command: /usr/bin/lsattr ...
Has giňişleýin maglumat we opsiýalar üçin aşakdaky buýrugy işlediň.
# rkhunter --help
Bu makalany halanan bolsaňyz, paýlaşmak sag bolsun aýtmagyň dogry usulydyr.